Phytoremediation of microcystins using Myriophyllum aquaticum can prevent sublethal effects in a Neotropical freshwater catfish

Augusto Lima da Silveira; Sabrina Loise de Morais Calado; Rafael Shinji Akiyama Kitamura; Maiara Vicentini; Thomaz Aurélio Pagioro; Taynah Vicari; Ana Carolina Felipe da Silva; Maiara Carolina Perussolo; Mariana de Almeida Torres; Fernanda Rios Jacinavicius; Maritana Mela Prodocimo; Ernani Pinto; Marta Margarete Cestari; Helena Cristina Silva de Assis

doi:10.5327/Z2176-94782172

Authors

Augusto Lima da Silveira Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8484-3712
Sabrina Loise de Morais Calado Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-8703
Rafael Shinji Akiyama Kitamura Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1925-3003
Maiara Vicentini Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8656-6026
Thomaz Aurélio Pagioro Federal University of Technology – Paraná (UTFPR) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-6989
Taynah Vicari Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-0723
Ana Carolina Felipe da Silva Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5098-056X
Maiara Carolina Perussolo Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2617-7181
Mariana de Almeida Torres University of São Paulo (USP) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3136-1952
Fernanda Rios Jacinavicius University of São Paulo (USP) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8140-209X
Maritana Mela Prodocimo Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6950-9900
Ernani Pinto University of São Paulo (USP) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7614-3014
Marta Margarete Cestari Federal University of Paraná, (UFPR) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6064-966X
Helena Cristina Silva de Assis Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) - Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1944-5726

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5327/Z2176-94782172

Keywords:

biomarkers; cyanobacteria; cyanotoxins; ecotoxicology; Rhamdia quelen.

Abstract

Microcystins are cyanotoxins that can be produced by cyanobacteria species such as Microcystis aeruginosa. Due to the presence of microcystins in water bodies and aquatic organisms, it needs to be monitored. Furthermore, additional studies are required in the implementation of alternative and sustainable water treatment methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Myriophyllum aquaticum to prevent the harmful effects induced by M. aeruginosa aqueous extract in Rhamdia. quelen usingbiomarkers and to assess whether the plant can be suitable for phytoremediation in aquatic ecosystems. In the first experiment, R. quelen was exposed to 1 and 10 μg.L^–1 of microcystins through an aqueous extract dissolved in the bioassay’s water. Second, tanks containing the same test concentrations of microcystins were treated by phytoremediation using M. aquaticum at 10 g.L^–1, for 7 days. After that, treated water was used in a new bioassay with fish exposure. The results showed that phytoremediation decreased the microcystin concentration in water, and different biomarker analyses demonstrated that M. aquaticum treatment prevented DNA damage, hematological alterations, and tissue damage in R. quelen. The phytoremediation with M. aquaticum can be a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to water treatment, highlighting its role in enhancing water quality and supporting biodiversity conservation. These results support the importance of adopting more restrictive legal limits for cyanotoxins in water to protect native aquatic species and promote sustainable water resource management.

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