Improvements in the regulation and implementation of extended producer responsibility systems: analysis from the e-waste case study in the State of São Paulo from 2012 to 2021
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5327/Z2176-94781698Keywords:
extended producer responsibility; waste electrical and electronic equipment management; environmental licensing.Abstract
The strategy adopted for the implementation of the extended producer responsibility (EPR) in the State of São Paulo was conceived in three phases, the first and second of which have already been completed, while the third is in progress. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the response of EPR systems to the advancement of regulation, based on the case study of waste electrical and electronic equipment in the State of São Paulo. An evaluation of the behavior of these systems was carried out from 2012 to 2021, between the first and second phase of EPR implementation, considering the following variables: established goals, participating companies and results achieved, with two approaches: a) comparative analysis between the two engagement agreements established with entities in the electronics sector, signed, respectively, in the first and second phase; b) analysis of the aggregate results of the systems whose reverse logistics plans were presented to the state environmental agency in compliance with the regulation, between 2018 and 2021. Advances were noted from the first to the second phase, regarding the variety of waste covered, quantity and diversity of actors in the production cycle involved, significance of goals, geographic scope of waste collection points and quantities collected. From 2018 to 2021, the total number of collection points increased 37.4 times, and the amount collected almost quadrupled. The decisive factor for this advance was the publication of an innovative regulation between the two phases, binding the compliance with the EPR to environmental licensing at the state level.
Downloads
References
Associação Brasileira de Reciclagem de Eletroeletrônicos e Eletrodomésticos (ABREE), 2023 (Accessed June 29, 2023) at:. https://abree.org.br/
Bizerra, M.G.; Santos, L.A.; Cordeiro, L.F.A.; Sales, A.T., 2023. Bibliometric review of electro-electronic waste (WEEE) in the Web of Science database: groups’ production and main themes. Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais (RBCIAMB), v. 58, (3), 342-351. https://doi.org/10.5327/Z2176-94781634
Brasil, 2010. Law 12,305, of August 2, 2010. Establishes the National Solid Waste Policy (...). Official Gazette of the Union. Executive Branch, Brasília, 08.03.2010.
Brasil, 2020. Decree 10,240, of February 12, 2020. Regulates item VI of the caput of art. 33 and art. 56 of Law No. 12,305 (...). Official Gazette of the Union. Executive Branch, Brasília, 02.12.2020.
Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (CETESB), 2018. Board Decision nº 076/2018/C, of April 03, 2018. Establishes procedure for the incorporation of Reverse Logistics within the scope of environmental licensing (...). Official Gazette of the State of São Paulo. Executive Branch, São Paulo, 04.04.2018 (revoked).
Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (CETESB), 2019. Board Decision nº 114/2019/P/C, of October 23, 2019. Establishes Procedure for the incorporation of Reverse Logistics within the scope of environmental licensing (...). Official Gazette of the State of São Paulo. Executive Branch, São Paulo, 10.30.2019.
Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (CETESB), 2021. Board Decision nº 127/2021/P, of December 16, 2021. Establishes Procedure for demonstrating compliance with reverse logistics within the scope of environmental licensing (...). Official Gazette of the State of São Paulo. Executive Branch, São Paulo, 12.22.2021.
Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (CETESB), 2022. Seminar: Challenges and Results in Solid Waste Management in the State of São Paulo from 2019 to 2022. São Paulo, December 16th. 2022.
Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (CETESB), 2023. Logística Reversa (Accessed June 29, 2023) at:. http://cetesb.sp.gov.br/logisticareversa/
Dias, P.; Palomero, J.; Cenci, M.P.; Scarazzato, T.; Bernardes, A.M., 2022. Electronic waste in Brazil: Generation, collection, recycling and the covid pandemic. Cleaner Waste Systems, v. 3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clwas.2022.100022
Forti, V.; Baldé, C.P.; Kuehr, R.; Bel, G., 2020. The Global E-waste Monitor 2020: quantities, flows and the circular economy potential. United Nations University (UNU)/United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) – co-hosted SCYCLE Programme, International Telecommunication Union (ITU) & International Solid Waste Association (ISWA), Bonn/Geneva/Rotterdam (Accessed June 29, 2023) at:. http://ewastemonitor.info/
Gestora para Reciclagem de Eletroeletrônicos e Embalagens Inservíveis Ltda. (Green Eletron), 2023 (Accessed June 29, 2023) at:. https://greeneletron.org.br/eletronicos.
Ilankoon, I.M.S.K.; Ghorbani, Y.; Chong, M.N.; Herath, G.; Moyo, T.; Petersen, J., 2018. E-waste in the international context – A review of trade flows, regulations, hazards, waste management strategies and technologies for value recovery. Waste Management, v. 82, 258-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.10.018
Lifset, R.; Lindhqvist, T., 2008. Producer responsibility at a turning point? Journal of Industrial Ecology, v. 12, (2), 144-147. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-9290.2008.00028.x
Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA); Associação Brasileira da Indústria Elétrica e Eletrônica (ABINEE); Associação Brasileira dos Distribuidores Toyota (ABRADISTI); Associação das Empresas Brasileiras de Tecnologia da Informação, Software e Internet - Nacional (ASSESPRO NACIONAL); Gestora para Reciclagem de Eletroeletrônicos e Embalagens Inservíveis Ltda. (Green Eletron), 2017. Sectoral Agreement for the Implementation of a Reverse Logistics System for Household Electronic Products and their Components. Official Gazette of the Union. Executive Branch, Brasília, 11.19.2019 (Accessed June 29, 2023) at:. https://sinir.gov.br/perfis/logistica-reversa/logistica-reversa/eletroeletronicos/
Moura, J.M.B.M.; Pinheiro, I.G.; Lischeski, D.; Valle, J.A.B., 2017. Relation of Brazilian institutional users and technical assistances with electronics and their waste: what has changed? Resources, Conservation and Recycling, v. 127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.08.022
Ongondo, F.O.; Williams I.D.; Cherrett, T.J., 2011. How are WEEE doing? A global review of the management of electrical and electronic wastes. Waste Management, v. 31, 714-730. https://doi.org/10.1016/0956053X10005659
Pereira, R.S.C.; Ribeiro, F.M.; Günther, W.M.R., 2022. Incorporation of extended producer responsibility into environmental licensing: a preliminary analysis of results in the state of São Paulo. In: XXIV ENGEMA - International Meeting on Business Management and the Environment, São Paulo (Accessed June 29, 2023) at:. https://engemausp.submissao.com.br/24/anais/resumo.php?cod_trabalho=419
Ribeiro, F.M.; Kruglianskas, I., 2020. Critical factors for environmental regulation change management: evidences from an extended producer responsibility case study. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 246, 119013. https://doi.org/10.1016/0959652619338831
Rodrigues, A.C.; Boscov, M.E.G.; Gunther, W.M.R., 2020. Domestic flow of e-waste in São Paulo, Brazil: Characterization to support public policies. Waste Management, v. 102, 474-485. https://doi.org/10.1016/0956053X19306889
Santos, S.M.; Ogunseitan, O.A., 2022. E-waste management in Brazil: Challenges and opportunities of a reverse logistics model. Environmental Technology & Innovation, v. 28, 102671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2022.102671
Sistema Nacional de Informações sobre a Gestão dos Resíduos Sólidos (SINIR), 2023. Logística reversa (Accessed June 29, 2023) at:. https://sinir.gov.br/logistica-reversa.
Secretaria do Meio Ambiente (SMA); Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (CETESB); Vivo S/A; Tim CELULAR S/A; Claro S/A; Nextel Telecomunicações LTDA; TNL PCS S/A, 2012. Term of Commitment for Post-Consumer Responsibility for Cellular Mobile Telephony Devices and their Respective Accessories. Official Gazette of the State of São Paulo. Executive Branch, São Paulo, 07.06.2012 (Accessed June 29, 2023) at:. https://cetesb.sp.gov.br/logisticareversa/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/11/fase1-tc-TelefoniaMovel.pdf
Secretaria do Meio Ambiente (SMA); Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (CETESB); Gestora para Reciclagem de Eletroeletrônicos e Embalagens Inservíveis Ltda (Green Eletron); Associação Brasileira da Indústria Elétrica e Eletrônica (ABINEE); Federação do Comércio de Bens, Serviços e Turismo do Estado de São Paulo (FECOMERCIO-SP). Term of Commitment for Reverse Logistics of Electronic Products for Domestic Use. Official Gazette of the State of São Paulo. Executive Branch, São Paulo, 10.20.2017 (Accessed June 29, 2023) at:. https https://cetesb.sp.gov.br/logisticareversa/programa-descarte-green-produtos-eletroeletronicos-de-uso-domestico/
Secretaria de Infraestrutura e Meio Ambiente (SIMA), 2020. Solid Waste Plan of the State of São Paulo 2020. SIMA, São Paulo, 227 p (Accessed June 29, 2023) at:. https://smastr16.blob.core.windows.net/home/2020/12/plano- resi%CC%81duos-solidos-2020_final.pdf
Xavier, L.H.; Ottoni, M.; Lepawsky, J., 2021. Circular economy and e-waste management in the Americas: Brazilian and Canadian frameworks. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 297, 126570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126570
Xavier, L.H.; Ottoni, M.; Abreu, L.P.P., 2023. A comprehensive review of urban mining and the value recovery from e-waste materials. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, v. 190, 106840. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106840
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
